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Number Base

Roman Numerals

Convert whole numbers between 1 and 3999 to and from Roman numerals.

I roman

How this is calculated

  • I=1, V=5, X=10, L=50, C=100, D=500, M=1000
  • A smaller symbol before a larger one subtracts: IV=4, IX=9, XL=40, CM=900
  • Otherwise symbols add, largest first: MMXXIV = 1000+1000+10+10+4

Romans had no zero and no agreed notation above 3999, so this converter covers 1–3999.

Only canonical spellings are accepted: IV rather than IIII.

Checked against known values

  • 4 no. = IV roman
  • 2024 no. = MMXXIV roman
  • 1994 no. = MCMXCIV roman
  • 3999 no. = MMMCMXCIX roman